PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.